# CloudHosting

> CloudHosting SIA is a Latvian IT infrastructure provider, in business since 2016, with its own Tier 3+ data centre in Riga and its own network (AS58269). Companies use it for servers and colocation, private AI and GPU servers, remote office desktops, infrastructure migration, backup, NIS2-ready security and IT support. It also sells VPS, web hosting, domains and SSL certificates.

Content below is English. The same pages exist in Latvian (https://www.cloudhosting.lv/lv) and Russian (https://www.cloudhosting.lv/ru); every URL with its language alternates is listed in https://www.cloudhosting.lv/sitemap.xml.

## Key facts
- Legal entity: CloudHosting SIA, reg. 40103966259, VAT LV40103966259, Bērzaunes iela 1, LV-1039 Riga, Latvia, founded 2016, +371 66 66 29 69, info@cloudhosting.lv.
- Own data centre in Riga, Latvia: Tier 3+ in Riga, with N+1 redundant power.
- Server locations: Riga (RIX1), Amsterdam (NL1); Dubai (DXB1) on request.
- Accredited .lv domain registrar; Microsoft and Fortinet partner.
- Support: monitoring and incident response 24/7; engineers answer on working days 9:00 to 17:00 Riga time, in English, Latvian, Russian.
- Availability: 99.9% uptime target (a target, not a contractual SLA).
- Refund: within 14 days of payment; exceptions are dedicated server rental and domain registration.
- Backups: VPS daily, kept 7 days, restore from the client panel; web hosting daily, kept 14 days.
- Windows Server licence is not included in any price: buy it from us or use your own key.
- Website and support in English, Latvian, Russian.
- Contact: https://www.cloudhosting.lv/contacts

## Servers
- [VPS](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/vps): NVMe virtual servers, live in under a minute.
- [Windows VPS](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/windows-vps): Windows Server 2025 machine you administer yourself.
- [Dedicated servers](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/dedicated-server): Your own bare metal. No shared CPU, no noisy neighbours.
- [10 Gbps servers](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/10gbps-dedicated-servers): Guaranteed 10 Gbps unmetered port in Amsterdam.
- [Server colocation](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/server-colocation): Rack your own server in our Riga data centre.
- [Remote office](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/hosted-desktop): A managed Windows desktop for every employee, per workplace.
- [1C server](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/1c-server): A fast VPS for 1C Enterprise.
- [Object storage S3](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/object-storage): S3 storage with a fixed quota, in the EU.
- [Nextcloud](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/nextcloud-hosting): Self-hosted Drive, Calendar, Contacts for your team.
- [MikroTik CHR](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/mikrotik-chr): RouterOS as a VPS, with WinBox and BGP.
- [VPS calculator](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/vps-calculator): Build a virtual server and see the price.
- [VPS Netherlands](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/vps-netherlands): NVMe virtual servers in Amsterdam, live in a minute.
- [VPS calculator Netherlands](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/vps-calculator-netherlands): Build a virtual server in Amsterdam and see the price.

## Hosting
- [Website hosting](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/web-hosting): Shared cPanel hosting with daily backups.
- [WordPress hosting](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/wordpress-hosting): WooCommerce, LiteSpeed, Redis, staging and isolated resources.
- [Zimbra](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/license-zimbra): Business email: mail, calendar and chat you own.
- [Exchange Online](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/exchange-online): Microsoft business email on your domain, in Outlook.

## SSL
- [Single-domain certificate](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/ssl-certificate): One hostname, one trusted certificate.
- [Multi-domain (SAN)](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/multi-domain-ssl-certificate): Up to 250 hostnames on one certificate.
- [Wildcard SSL](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/wildcard-ssl-certificate): One certificate covers every subdomain.
- [SSL automation](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/ssl-automation): Per-domain subscription. certbot, acme.sh, auto-renewal.
- [VMC certificate](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/vmc-certificate): Your logo and a verified badge in Gmail.
- [LEI code](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/lei-code): Company code banks and brokers ask for.

## AI
- [AI Agents](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/openclaw-ai-assistant): Your own AI assistant in Telegram, pre-installed.
- [AI servers](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/ai-servers): Your own private LLM on GPU, data in the EU.
- [Bare metal GPU](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/bare-metal-gpu-servers): Bare metal NVIDIA B300, B200 and H200 servers, on request.

## Domains
- [Domain registration](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/domain-registration): .lv, .com, .eu, .net and 500 more zones.
- [WHOIS lookup](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/whois-lookup): Find out who owns a domain.

## Security
- [NIS2](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/nis2): Get ready for the new EU directive.
- [IT audit](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/it-audit): Outside eyes on your stack and processes.
- [Data protection](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/data-protection): GDPR compliance run by a named specialist.
- [Fortinet firewall](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/fortinet-firewall): Enterprise NGFW, set up and run by us.
- [IT support](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/it-support): Monitoring 24/7, engineers 9 to 17.
- [Cybersecurity](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/cybersecurity): Firewall, endpoint, email security, backup and monitoring.

## Networking
- [Our network](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/network): AS58269: own BGP, addresses, redundant uplinks.
- [Darkfiber](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/dark-fiber): Lit and dark fibre in the Riga metro area.
- [Carrier Ethernet](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/carrier-ethernet): Private L2/L3 circuits between our PoPs.
- [Site-to-site VPN](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/site-to-site-vpn): IPsec or WireGuard between your offices.
- [Server and hardware sale](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/server-sale): Servers, network gear and workstations from top brands.
- [Network equipment](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/network-equipment): Switches, Wi-Fi and routers from top brands.
- [IP and AS registration](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/ip-as-registration): Own address space, multihoming freedom.

## Licensing
- [Microsoft 365](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/license-office365): Business and Enterprise plans, migration included.
- [Windows Server](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/windows-server-licensing): Server, RDS CALs and SQL Server, Microsoft partner.
- [Fortinet](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/license-fortinet): FortiGate, FortiAnalyzer, FortiManager subscriptions.

## About
- [About us](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/about): Who we are and what we run.
- [Our data centre](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/data-center): Tier 3+ in Riga, with N+1 redundant power.
- [Enterprise infrastructure](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/enterprise-infrastructure): IT infrastructure provider in Latvia: design, migration and operation of company servers, backup and NIS2-ready security.
- [Office infrastructure](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/enterprise-infrastructure/office-infrastructure): Windows Server, files, remote desktops and VPN for your staff.
- [ERP, SQL and RDS](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/enterprise-infrastructure/erp-sql-rds): Servers and licences for ERP and SQL Server, plus remote access.
- [Infrastructure migration](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/enterprise-infrastructure/migration): Move servers and systems from the office or another provider.
- [Our partners](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/partners): Hardware, software and channel partners.
- [Our clients](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/clients): Who is running on CloudHosting today.
- [Contacts](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/contacts): Sales, support, addresses.
- [Terms of service](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/terms): Service description, payment, refunds, data centre rules.
- [Payment methods](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/payment-methods): Card, bank transfer, crypto or balance.
- [Trust and security](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/security): Where your data lives, who can reach it, backups.

## Guides and tutorials
Step-by-step how-tos from our engineers (also in Latvian at /lv/faq and Russian at /ru/faq). The full text of every category is a separate file, listed under Optional below.

### VPS, Servers & Hosting
- [VDS Full Form and Meaning: Virtual Dedicated Server vs VPS](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/What-is-VPS-and-VDS): VDS stands for Virtual Dedicated Server and VPS for Virtual Private Server: both are virtualized servers delivered on top of physical hardware.
- [Which Hosting Solution Should You Choose? A Practical Guide for Real Projects](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/What-hosting-solution-to-choose): Choosing hosting usually starts with a simple question-“Where should I put my website?”-but in practice it is a decision about performance, security
- [What Is Uptime and Why Does It Matter for Your Website and Business?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/What-is-uptime): Uptime is a metric that shows how long a server or website remains available without interruption during a specific period.
- [What Is a Cloud Server, and When Is It Better Than a VPS or Dedicated Server?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/What-is-Cloud-server): A cloud server is a virtual server provisioned from a cloud infrastructure platform-typically a cluster of physical hosts, shared or distributed storage
- [Understanding DNS Record Types: Practical Use of A, MX, TXT, CNAME, NS and Other Records](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Understanding-DNS-record-types): DNS record types are the building blocks that tell the internet how a domain should behave.
- [Choosing a server for 1C](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Choosing-a-server-for-1C): When our specialists need to make a configuration choice for a 1С server, the first thing they ask is how many users will work with 1C in the company and
- [Setting Up a Remote Workplace: Secure Access, Devices, Software, and a Stable Daily Workflow](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Setting-up-a-remote-workplace): A remote workplace is no longer just a temporary solution for moments when someone cannot physically be in the office.
- [How to harvest on other machines that are not your main machine](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-harvest-on-other-machines-that-are-not-your-main-machine): This guide allows you to run a harvester on each machine, without having to run a full node, wallet, and farmer on each one.
- [Choosing virtual server](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Choosing-virtual-server): Choosing the best virtual server can be a challenging task, but it is important to select the right one for your website or application to ensure optimal
- [VPS or dedicated server: when should you upgrade?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/vps-or-dedicated-server-when-to-upgrade): Move from a VPS to a dedicated server when you consistently need the full, guaranteed capacity of physical hardware, not because of one busy afternoon.
- [What is colocation and when does it pay off?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/what-is-colocation-and-when-it-pays-off): Colocation (often shortened to "colo") is renting space for your own server hardware inside a professional data centre.
- [Shared hosting, VPS or dedicated server: how to choose](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/shared-hosting-vps-or-dedicated-how-to-choose): Every project that outgrows a free platform lands on one of three tiers: shared hosting, a VPS or a dedicated server.
- [How to harden a new Ubuntu 24.04 VPS in the first 10 minutes](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/harden-new-ubuntu-24-04-vps-first-10-minutes): A fresh VPS is reachable from the entire internet the moment it boots, and automated scanners usually find a new IP address within minutes, not days.
- [How to install Docker and Docker Compose on Ubuntu 24.04](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/install-docker-docker-compose-ubuntu-24-04): This guide walks through installing Docker Engine and the Compose v2 plugin on Ubuntu 24.04 using Docker's official apt repository, which is the method
- [How to set up a WireGuard VPN server on a VPS](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/wireguard-vpn-server-on-vps): This guide walks through setting up a personal WireGuard VPN server on a VPS running Ubuntu 22.04 or 24.04.
- [How to Monitor a Linux Server Without Paid Tools](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/monitor-linux-server-without-paid-tools): You do not need a paid monitoring suite to know what your Linux server is doing.
- [10 Gbps dedicated servers and unmetered bandwidth explained](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/10gbps-unmetered-dedicated-server-explained): Every hosting catalogue sells bandwidth with the same three words: fast, unlimited, guaranteed.
- [Colocation pricing in Riga 2026: what you pay for](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/colocation-pricing-riga-2026): Colocation in Riga is priced per rack unit per month plus electricity and extras; at CloudHosting a 1U server costs 40 EUR a month plus power by meter.

### SSL & Security
- [What Are SSL Certificates: How HTTPS Works and Why Your Website Needs It](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/What-is-SSL-certificates-and-what-are-they-for): An SSL/TLS certificate is a digital credential that proves control over a domain name and enables an encrypted connection between a browser and a server.
- [How to Install an SSL Certificate: CSR, Server Setup, and Enabling HTTPS (Step-by-Step)](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-install-SSL-certificate): Installing an SSL/TLS certificate means more than “getting the padlock”.
- [How to Extend an SSL Certificate: Timing, Renewal Steps, Reinstallation, and Common Issues](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-extend-the-SSL-certificate): Renewing an SSL/TLS certificate is a routine maintenance process that keeps your website available over HTTPS without browser warnings or downtime.
- [SSH Without a Password: Encrypted Key Authentication, ssh-agent, and Server Hardening](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/SSH-without-password-or-authentication-using-encrypted-keys): Logging in to a server with an SSH password works, but it is not ideal for either security or day-to-day operations.
- [CentOS 7 - NGINX, PHP, LetsEncrypt SSL - Installation and Configuration](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/CentOS-7-NGINX-PHP-LetsEncrypt-SSL-Installation-and-Configuration): This guide was written for an older release.
- [How to Install Nextcloud on Ubuntu 16.04: Apache, MariaDB, PHP, SSL, and Secure Initial Setup](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-Install-NextCloud-on-Ubuntu-1604): This guide was written for an older release.
- [How to Create PEM Certificates: Private Key, CSR, CRT, Chain, and OpenSSL Conversion](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Create-PEM-certificates): A PEM certificate is not a separate trust level like DV or OV, but a very common file format used to store certificates, private keys, certificate
- [The 3-2-1 backup rule for business data explained](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/3-2-1-backup-rule-business-data): The 3-2-1 rule is the simplest reliable standard for protecting business data against hardware failure, ransomware, accidental deletion and site disasters.
- [What is NIS2 and does it apply to my company?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/what-is-nis2-and-does-it-apply-to-my-company): NIS2 (EU Directive 2022/2555) is the European Union's updated cybersecurity law for network and information systems.
- [How to Protect Your Business From Ransomware](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/how-to-protect-your-business-from-ransomware): Ransomware is malicious software that encrypts your files and demands payment for the decryption key.
- [EU vs US cloud: why your data location matters](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/eu-vs-us-cloud-why-data-location-matters): Ask most companies where their data is and they will name a city: "Frankfurt", "Amsterdam", "our servers are in the EU".
- [What is a DDoS attack and how to stop it](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/what-is-a-ddos-attack-and-how-to-stop-it): A DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attack floods a server, website, or network with more traffic than it can handle, until legitimate users can no
- [Secure a new VPS: an 8-step hardening checklist](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/secure-new-vps-8-step-hardening-checklist): A new VPS is reachable from the public internet within seconds of being provisioned, and automated bots start probing common ports almost immediately.
- [What is chssl free SSL auto-renewal, and how does it work?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/chssl-free-ssl-auto-renewal): chssl is a small, free agent that you install on your own server.
- [How to prepare for 199-day SSL certificates](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/199-day-ssl-certificates-how-to-prepare): From 24 February 2026 publicly trusted TLS certificates will be issued with a maximum validity of about 199 days, and the ceiling will keep dropping in
- [How to protect SSH, WordPress and mail with fail2ban](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/fail2ban-ssh-wordpress-mail-brute-force): fail2ban watches log files and temporarily blocks IP addresses that keep failing to authenticate.
- [What is NIS2 and does it apply to your company?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/what-is-nis2): NIS2 is the European Union's cybersecurity directive, and it turns "we really should look at security one day" into a legal duty with deadlines, a named
- [What is DORA and who does it apply to?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/what-is-dora): DORA is Regulation (EU) 2022/2554, the European Union rulebook for keeping the financial sector running when its technology fails, and it has applied
- [What is GDPR and what does it actually require?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/what-is-gdpr): GDPR is Regulation (EU) 2016/679, the EU law governing how organisations handle information about people since 25 May 2018.
- [NIS2 in Latvia 2026: what the June amendments changed](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/nis2-amendments-2026): The amendments to the Latvian National Cybersecurity Law have been in force since 18 June 2026, and from 1 October the law also covers companies the state
- [What is an LEI number? Legal Entity Identifier explained](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/what-is-lei-code): An LEI (Legal Entity Identifier) is a 20-character ISO 17442 code that identifies one legal entity in financial transactions anywhere in the world.
- [NIS2 checklist for Latvia: 10 measures and the evidence](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/nis2-checklist-latvia): Article 21 of the NIS2 Directive lists ten cybersecurity risk-management measures. In Latvia two legal acts make them binding for the companies they cover.

### Email & DNS
- [What Are NS Servers: Why DNS Delegation Matters and How It Affects Your Domain](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/What-is-the-NS-server-and-what-are-they-for): NS (Name Server) records are a core part of the DNS infrastructure.
- [What Is a PTR (Reverse DNS) Record: How It Works and Why It Matters for Email Deliverability](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/What-is-a-PTR-Reverse-DNS-records-and-why-they-are-needed): A PTR (Pointer) record, often called Reverse DNS (rDNS), is a DNS record that works in the opposite direction of a traditional A/AAAA record.
- [How to Set Up Email in Mozilla Thunderbird and Microsoft Outlook: IMAP/SMTP, Security, and Troubleshooting](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-create-a-mailbox-in-Mozilla-Thunderbird-and-Microsoft-Outlook): Mozilla Thunderbird and Microsoft Outlook are two of the most widely used desktop email clients for working with a professional mailbox (for example
- [Setting Up SPF, DKIM, and DMARC Records](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/SETTING-UP-SPF-DKIM-AND-DMARC-RECORDS): SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records are intended to fight SPAM and email spoofing.
- [Why do your emails keep landing in spam?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/why-emails-keep-landing-in-spam): When legitimate mail ends up in the spam folder, it is almost never random.
- [How to remove your mail server from a blacklist (RBL)](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/remove-mail-server-from-blacklist-rbl): An RBL (Realtime Blackhole List), also called a DNSBL or blocklist, is a public database of IP addresses that have been seen sending spam or that should
- [How to set up professional email at your own domain](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/set-up-professional-email-at-your-own-domain): Business email is a mailbox that uses your own domain, for example anna@yourcompany.lv, instead of a free address on a public provider.
- [How to set up SPF, DKIM and DMARC with copy-paste examples](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/spf-dkim-dmarc-setup-examples): Every large mailbox provider now checks SPF, DKIM and DMARC before deciding whether your message reaches the inbox, the spam folder, or gets dropped
- [Why does your email land in spam? A deliverability checklist](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/why-email-lands-in-spam-deliverability-checklist): Mail that quietly lands in spam is almost never bad luck: it is a configuration problem, a reputation problem, or both.
- [Free DNS, email and SSL checks with nameserver.lv](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/free-dns-email-ssl-checks-nameserver-lv): Nameserver.lv is a free toolkit for checking DNS, email and SSL: 15 tools with no registration, in Latvian, English and Russian, built by a team in Riga.

### Domains
- [Move Your Domain to CloudHosting.lv: Step-by-Step Transfer, DNS Setup, and Post-Move Checks](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Move-domain-to-the-server-cloudhostinglv): To use your domain with CloudHosting services, the domain must be pointed to our DNS infrastructure. Below are two options.
- [How to Choose a Domain Name That Stays Strong as You Grow](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-choose-a-domain-name): A domain name is your online address and a core part of your brand.
- [How to register a .lv domain (and the NIC.LV rules)](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/how-to-register-a-lv-domain-nic-lv-rules): A .lv domain registration is handled through NIC.LV, the official registry for Latvia's country-code zone, run by the Institute of Mathematics and
- [What are DNS records? A, AAAA, CNAME, MX, TXT and NS explained](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/dns-records-explained-a-aaaa-cname-mx-txt-ns): This guide covers the six DNS record types you will actually touch when you run a website or mail on your own domain: A, AAAA, CNAME, MX, TXT and NS.
- [How to transfer a domain to another registrar without downtime](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/transfer-domain-to-another-registrar-without-downtime): This guide explains how to move a domain to a different registrar while your website and email keep working the whole time.

### Control Panels
- [How to Add a Domain in cPanel: Addon Domain vs Alias vs Subdomain (Step-by-Step)](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-add-domain-in-cPanel): Adding a domain in cPanel usually falls into one of three practical scenarios: you add a new standalone website as an Addon Domain, you attach a second
- [How to Add a Domain in ISPmanager](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-add-domain-in-ISPmanager): To add your domain to hosting through control panel ISPmanager you should: Go to the control panel ISPmanager under the "World Wide Web" to the "WWW
- [How to Create a Mailbox in cPanel: Account, Password, Quota, and Setup (Step-by-Step)](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-create-a-mailbox-in-cPanel): Creating an email mailbox in cPanel is one of the most common tasks when a business starts using its own domain for professional communication.
- [How to create a mailbox in ISPmanager?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-create-a-mailbox-in-ISPmanager): First you need to find the "Mailboxes" subsection in "E-Mail" section. In the upper right corner, click "New". Fill all the required fields and click "Ok".
- [How to Create a Mailbox in VestaCP: Account, DNS, Security, and Setup (Step-by-Step)](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-create-a-mailbox-in-VestaCP): VestaCP (Vesta Control Panel) is a lightweight server control panel commonly used on VPS or small dedicated servers to manage websites, domains, DNS, and
- [How to Add a Domain in VestaCP: WEB, DNS, SSL, and Post-Setup Checks (Step-by-Step)](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-add-domain-in-VestaCP): Adding a domain in VestaCP is the first step to running a website, email, and optionally DNS management on your server.
- [VestaCP: How to Add an External MySQL Server (Remote DB), Security, Firewall, and Troubleshooting](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/VestaCP-adding-external-mysql-database-servers): Using an external MySQL (or MariaDB) server is a common next step when your single-server stack starts hitting limits.
- [How to Change a cPanel Account Password from the Command Line](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-change-cpanel-account-password-from-command-line): As a Linux admin you must have the knowledge to manage servers via command-line.
- [How to re-install MySQL on a WHM/cPanel server](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-re-install-MySQL-on-a-WHM-cPanel-server): There are some cases where you need to completely re-install MySQL or MariaDB, whether it is because the package has corrupted or is having problems or if

### Networking & MikroTik
- [How to configure MikroTik - Initial Configuration](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-configure-MikroTik-Initial-Configuration): In this article you will learn how to quickly set up RouterOS MikroTik for working in a "simple" version, which is suitable for many small offices, home
- [How to Block Specific Websites by Name: hosts File, DNS, Firewall, and Proxy Methods](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Restriction-of-certain-websites-by-name): Sometimes you need to restrict access to specific websites by domain name: in an office, school, hotel Wi-Fi, a family network, or on a server where you
- [MikroTik Point-to-Point (P2P) Wireless Link Setup in Winbox](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/MikroTik-configuration-for-point-to-point): Mikrotik equipment configuration is made through the program called Winbox.
- [Mikrotik L2TP / IPsec VPN Server Step by Step configuration](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Mikrotik-L2TP-IPsec-VPN-Server-Step-by-Step-configuration): This guide assumes that the Mikrotik WAN interface has a public IP address and that your ISP does not block ipsec ports.
- [MikroTik: Equipment Setup, Installation, Practice and Programming](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/MikroTik-Equipment-setup-and-installation-Practice-and-programming): The situation when several providers are available is not new, Mikrotik Router OS allows you to configure access via several network interfaces at once
- [MikroTik. RouterOS packages](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/MikroTik-RouterOS-packages): RouterOS comes with a specific set of packages that provide basic functionality.
- [BGP on Mikrotik](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/BGP-on-Mikrotik): The first thing we will do is enable IPv6 on our Mikrotik router. This will restart the device, and when it comes back, it will have a new menu named IPv6.
- [Preventing MikroTik RouterOS Bridge MAC Changes](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Preventing-MikroTik-RouterOS-Bridge-MAC-Changes): I noticed that my Windows VM kept becoming inaccessible after shutting down and powering up my lab.
- [How to install and license MikroTik CHR on a VPS](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/install-license-mikrotik-chr-vps): MikroTik CHR (Cloud Hosted Router) is a version of RouterOS built to run as a virtual machine.
- [How to set up a WireGuard VPN on MikroTik](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/how-to-set-up-wireguard-vpn-on-mikrotik): WireGuard is a modern, fast VPN protocol built into RouterOS 7.
- [Managed MikroTik: setup and administration by our engineers](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/managed-mikrotik-setup): MikroTik gives you carrier-grade routing, VPN and firewalling for a fraction of what the big vendors charge, but RouterOS rewards people who know it and

### Linux & Sysadmin
- [Useful Linux Commands for Server Administration: Fast Troubleshooting and Safe Daily Ops](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Useful-commands-Linux): The Linux command line is one of the fastest ways to manage a server, diagnose issues, and automate routine tasks.
- [CentOS 7 (OpenVZ): Network Not Starting After Reboot - Causes, Fix, and Verification Steps](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Centos-7-OpenVZ-Network-not-starting-after-a-reboot-fix): This guide was written for an older release.
- [Enable TUN/TAP in LXC: Fix /dev/net/tun Missing for VPN](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-enable-tun-tap-inside-LXC): TUN/TAP (/dev/net/tun) are Linux virtual network devices used by VPN and tunneling software (for example OpenVPN, and some routing/lab setups).
- [Using a Desktop Environment on a CentOS 7 VPS](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Using-a-Desktop-Environment-on-a-CentOS-7-VPS): This guide was written for an older release.
- [How to install Apache, PHP 7.3 and MySQL on CentOS 7.6](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-install-Apache-PHP-73-and-MySQL-on-CentOS-76): This guide was written for an older release.
- [How to Manually Upgrade phpMyAdmin](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-Manually-Upgrade-phpMyAdmin): Since the release of Ubuntu 18.04 and other Linux distros, many people have been having compatibility issues with PHP 7.2 and phpMyAdmin 4.6 and above.
- [HP Smart array CLI commands](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/HP-Smart-array-CLI-commands): Show configuration Controller status Show detailed controller information for all controllers Show detailed controller information for controller in slot
- [Linux Containers: How They Work, Where to Use Them, and How to Deploy Them Safely](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Container-Images): Linux containers have become one of the most important building blocks in modern infrastructure because they allow applications to run in an isolated
- [Configuring OpenVPN in an LXC Container: Networking, TUN/TAP, Security, and Stable Operation](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Configuring-openvpn-in-LXC-container): Running OpenVPN inside an LXC container is a practical solution when you need an isolated VPN service without the overhead of a full separate virtual
- [Installing the TN40XX Driver for a Tehuti Networks TN4010 Chip Network Card on Linux](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/TN40XX-draivera-instalesana-tikla-kartei-kuras-pamata-ir-Tehuti-Networks-TN4010-mikroshema-Linux-OS): Network cards based on the TN4010 chip are becoming more widespread.
- [How To Install PHP 7.4 / 7.3 On CentOS 8 / RHEL 8](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-To-Install-PHP-74-73-On-CentOS-8-RHEL-8): This guide was written for an older release.
- [Using NVMe Command Line Tools to Check NVMe Flash Health](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/NVMe-komandrindas-riku-izmantosana-lai-parbauditu-NVMe-Flash-veselibu): In this blog post, I’ll look at the types of NVMe flash health information you can get from using the NVMe command line tools.
- [CentOS 7: How to Stop and Disable the Firewall (firewalld)](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-Stop-and-Disable-Firewalld-on-CentOS-7): This guide was written for an older release.
- [How to Install and Set Up Percona XtraDB Cluster](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-Install-and-Set-Up-Percona-XtraDB-Cluster): Percona XtraDB Cluster is a high-availability solution for MySQL that provides synchronous replication and automatic node failover.
- [How to Save MySQL Query Output to a File](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-Save-MySQL-Query-Output-to-a-File): MySQL is a popular and free database management system used by many developers and data analysts for websites or servers.
- [How to fix the "Resource temporarily unavailable" error in nginx?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-fix-the-Resource-temporarily-unavailable-error-in-nginx): This tutorial discusses using nginx + php-fpm (at the time of writing, the PHP version was 7.3).
- [How to move a Linux website to a new server with rsync](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/move-linux-website-to-new-server-with-rsync): This guide shows how to move a Linux website, files and database included, to a new server with rsync, keeping downtime to a few minutes instead of hours.
- [How to set up nginx as a reverse proxy with free SSL](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/nginx-reverse-proxy-free-ssl-setup): This guide shows how to put nginx in front of one or several web applications on a single Linux server, terminate TLS with a free Let's Encrypt
- [How to back up a server with the 3-2-1 rule (and actually restore)](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/server-backups-3-2-1-rule): This guide walks through a server backup setup that survives real failures: a dead disk, ransomware, a dropped database, an incident in the data centre.
- [Disk full on Linux: how to find and free up space safely](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/linux-disk-full-find-free-space): When a Linux server runs out of disk space, things break in unpredictable ways: databases refuse writes, logs go silent, package upgrades die halfway.
- [LAMP on AlmaLinux 9: Apache, PHP 8.3 and MariaDB](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/lamp-almalinux-9-apache-php-8-3-mariadb): The old habit of typing yum install httpd php mysql and getting a usable web server died with CentOS.
- [LEMP on Ubuntu 24.04: NGINX, PHP 8.3, MariaDB, SSL](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/lemp-ubuntu-24-04-nginx-php-83-mariadb-lets-encrypt): Ubuntu 24.04 LTS ships PHP 8.3 in its own repositories.
- [CentOS 7 to AlmaLinux 9: two honest migration routes](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/centos-7-to-almalinux-9-migration): CentOS 7 reached end of life on 30 June 2024. Nothing dramatic happened that morning, the machine kept serving traffic, and that is exactly the problem.
- [No network after reboot: Ubuntu 24.04 and AlmaLinux 9](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/linux-server-no-network-after-reboot-ubuntu-24-04-almalinux-9): A server that answered pings before the reboot and is silent after it is rarely a mystery.
- [Remote Desktop on Ubuntu 24.04 with xrdp and Xfce](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/remote-desktop-ubuntu-24-04-xrdp-xfce): Most work on a Linux server is better done over SSH.
- [AlmaLinux 9 firewall: firewalld and nftables](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/almalinux-9-firewall-firewalld-nftables): A fresh AlmaLinux 9 server boots with firewalld running and almost nothing open, and the first reflex of many admins is to switch it off so the

### Websites, Apps & CMS
- [What Is SEO Optimization and What Actually Moves Rankings?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/What-is-SEO-optimization): SEO (Search Engine Optimization) is a set of practices that help your website become more visible in search engines, attract more qualified organic
- [How to Promote a Website in Google and Yandex: SEO Basics, Content, Technical Setup, and Tracking](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-promote-a-website-in-Google-and-Yandex): Website promotion in search engines is not a one-click trick.
- [How to Set Up a Minecraft Server on CentOS 7: Java, Firewall, systemd, and Backups](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-setup-Minecraft-server-on-Centos-7): CentOS 7 reached end of life in June 2024.
- [How to Setup ownCloud on CentOS 7](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-Setup-ownCloud-on-CentOS-7): This guide was written for an older release.
- [How to Install OpenCart on CentOS 7: NGINX or Apache, PHP, MariaDB, and Secure Initial Setup](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-Install-OpenCart-on-CentOS-7): CentOS 7 reached end of life in June 2024.
- [Install and Setup Joomla on CentOS-7](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Install-and-Setup-Joomla-on-CentOS-7): CentOS 7 reached end of life in June 2024.
- [Nextcloud vs Google Drive for business: which to pick?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/nextcloud-vs-google-drive-for-business): The choice of Nextcloud vs Google Drive for business rarely comes down to storage size. Both hold files, sync to desktops and phones, and share links.
- [How to move your website to new hosting without downtime](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/move-website-to-new-hosting-without-downtime): A website migration is the process of moving your site's files, database, email and DNS records from one hosting provider to another.
- [How to speed up WordPress: what each cache layer really does](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/speed-up-wordpress-caching-layers-explained): This guide walks through the caching stack of a typical WordPress site from top to bottom: what each layer does, why some pages bypass it, in which order
- [How to prepare WooCommerce for a big sale: performance checklist](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/woocommerce-pre-sale-performance-safety-checklist): This is a pre-sale checklist for engineers running WooCommerce stores before a high-traffic event: Black Friday, a product launch, a big campaign.
- [How to migrate WordPress by hand: files, database, DNS](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/migrate-wordpress-manually-files-database-dns): This guide walks through a manual WordPress migration from one server to another: copying the files, moving the database, rewriting URLs and switching DNS
- [Install Nextcloud on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS the right way](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/install-nextcloud-on-ubuntu-24-04-lts): Most broken Nextcloud servers are not broken in an interesting way.

### AI & Automation
- [Can ChatGPT Be Useful in the IT Field?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Can-a-ChatGPT-be-useful-in-the-IT-field): ChatGPT is an advanced language model, capable of generating human-like responses to text-based inputs.
- [Install OpenClaw on a VPS: step by step](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/OpenClawai-how-to-install-on-a-virtual-server-VPS-VDS-step-by-step): To install OpenClaw on a VPS you need a fresh Ubuntu 24.04 server, a normal (non-root) user and Node 24.16+ or 26.1+, then one command: curl -fsSL
- [How to connect GPT, Claude and Gemini to your hosted apps through one API](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-connect-GPT-Claude-and-Gemini-to-your-hosted-apps-through-one-API): Almost every web project eventually reaches the point where "let's add some AI" turns from a one-line idea into a small infrastructure problem.
- [What server do you need to run a local AI model?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/what-server-to-run-a-local-ai-model): Choosing a server for AI that runs a local language model comes down to one number more than any other: how much memory the model needs to sit in while it
- [Self-hosted AI vs ChatGPT: which is safe for company data?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/self-hosted-ai-vs-chatgpt-company-data): Self-hosted AI runs the language model on servers you control, so prompts, uploaded files and generated answers never leave your infrastructure.
- [AI agent or your own AI model: which to choose?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/ai-agent-or-your-own-ai-model): Both options add AI to your business, but they differ in one thing that decides everything else: where your data goes.
- [RAG: make your AI answer from your own documents](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/rag-private-ai-your-company-documents): A general language model like Llama or GPT has read the public internet, but it has never seen your invoices, contracts, or internal wiki.
- [Self-hosted AI vs a per-token API: which is cheaper?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/self-hosted-ai-cost-vs-api): Whether running your own AI is cheaper than a public API comes down to how much you use it.
- [How to choose a server for AI workloads: what actually matters](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/choosing-server-for-ai-workloads): This guide explains how to size a server for AI workloads without overspending.
- [OpenClaw alternatives compared in 2026](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/openclaw-alternatives-2026): The closest OpenClaw alternative in 2026 is Hermes Agent: the same "agent in your messenger" idea, MIT licence, Telegram, Discord, Slack, WhatsApp and
- [OpenClaw with Docker: install and run guide](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/openclaw-docker-install-guide): OpenClaw runs well in Docker: pull the official ghcr.io/openclaw/openclaw image, bind-mount a host directory owned by uid 1000 to /home/node/.openclaw
- [OpenClaw and Ollama: run local models](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/openclaw-ollama-local-models): OpenClaw can run entirely on a local model: install Ollama, pull a model that supports tool calling, and point OpenClaw at the native Ollama endpoint on
- [OpenClaw system requirements: CPU, RAM, disk](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/openclaw-system-requirements): OpenClaw itself is light: the gateway is a single Node.js process, and the official docs put the floor at 1 GB RAM, 1 CPU core, 500 MB of free disk and a
- [OpenClaw Telegram Bot Setup: Token, allowFrom and Errors](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/openclaw-telegram-bot-setup): To connect OpenClaw to Telegram you create a bot in @BotFather, put its token into ~/.openclaw/.env, add a channels.telegram block to

### Remote Work & Collaboration
- [Change the Default RDP Port 3389: Registry and Firewall](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-change-default-RDP-port): RDP is the usual way to manage Windows servers.
- [How to Connect a Mac to Windows: RDP, File Sharing, Network Setup, and Security](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-Do-I-Connect-My-Mac-to-Windows): Connecting a Mac to a Windows environment can mean several different things: opening a Windows desktop remotely from macOS, accessing shared folders on a
- [How to Install a DMG File on Mac (Plus PKG and App Store)](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-install-on-Mac): Installing software on a Mac is often simple, but users still hit questions about DMG files, PKG installers, App Store apps, security warnings and
- [How to Download Zoom on Your PC for Free: Safe Installation, Sign-In, and Your First Meeting](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-download-Zoom-on-your-PC-for-free-in-4-simple-steps): Zoom is one of the best-known platforms for video meetings, remote work, online training, and day-to-day communication with clients, colleagues, or
- [How to Install WordPress on Ubuntu](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/How-to-Install-WordPress-on-Ubuntu): In this tutorial, we’ll show you how to install WordPress on VPS with Ubuntu. WordPress is a free, powerful, open source content management system.
- [Remote work](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Remote-work): The trend of 2020 is a massive transition of businesses and government organizations to remote work.
- [Download and install Microsoft Teams](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Download-and-install-Microsoft-Teams): Microsoft Teams is a new software from the global IT giant designed to create spaces for corporate work, communication, file sharing, coordinating
- [Zoom. How and for what to use?](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Zoom-How-and-for-what-to-use): Video conferencing is very often created for the purpose of conducting online meetings, business discussions, online lessons, lectures, seminars and
- [Virtual workplace (DaaS or VDI)](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Virtual-workplace-DaaS-or-VDI): A virtual workplace (DaaS or VDI) is a deployed operating system with the necessary software on the provider's side that allows employees to work without
- [VDI by DaaS model](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/VDI-by-DaaS-model): Rent of virtual workplaces according to the DaaS model.
- [Working remotely with VDS on Windows via RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol)](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/Darbs-attalinati-ar-VDS-operetajsistema-Windows-izmantojot-RDP-Remote-Desktop-Protocol): To connect to the server you need to know its IP address. In your personal cabinet go to “My services" and click “Data” opposite to the selected server.

### Business and risk
- [Employee health insurance in an IT company: the tax relief many overlook](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/employee-health-insurance-it-company-tax-relief): Finding a good developer or system administrator in Latvia is hard, and keeping one is harder.
- [Cyber risks and insurance: what a business working online should know](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/cyber-risks-and-insurance-online-business): When a business lives on the internet, the technical side is usually in order: the server runs, backups are made, the certificate is in place.
- [Windows Server 2016 end of support on 12 January 2027](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/windows-server-2016-end-of-support): Microsoft ends extended support for Windows Server 2016 on 12 January 2027. From that day the servers keep running, but without security updates.
- [5-year server cost: office, colocation, dedicated or cloud](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/server-tco-5-years): Over five years, two company servers cost about the same in the office, in colocation or rented as dedicated servers: 23600 to 24400 EUR in our example.
- [Cloud repatriation: from AWS or Azure to Riga](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/cloud-repatriation-aws-azure): Cloud repatriation means moving some workloads from a public cloud such as AWS or Azure to servers you rent or own, usually to get a predictable monthly
- [RTO vs RPO: what they mean and how to choose them](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/rto-vs-rpo): RTO (recovery time objective) is how long a system may be down after a failure; RPO (recovery point objective) is how many hours of data you may lose.

### Other guides
- [GoGetVPS: our international brand for VPS and dedicated servers](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq/gogetvps-international-brand-vps-dedicated): We have launched GoGetVPS.com: an international, English-first brand that runs on the same infrastructure as cloudhosting.lv.

## More
- [FAQ](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/faq): Common questions and quick answers.
- [Status](https://www.cloudhosting.lv/status): Live service status.

## Optional
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